Communication strategies and development challenges among internally displaced persons

Abstract

This study examines how communication is used to support Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. It focuses on how humanitarian organizations share information with IDPs and how the displaced individuals themselves access, interpret, and respond to such communication efforts. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of communication strategies in addressing the development challenges faced by IDPs. A qualitative research design was adopted, using in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and content analysis of communication materials from humanitarian agencies. The findings reveal that communication plays a vital role in supporting IDPs’ welfare and development; however, participation of displaced persons in the communication process remains limited. Many IDPs still lack access to digital tools and reliable information channels, and most messages focus on short-term relief rather than long-term reintegration, education, and livelihoods. The study concludes that inclusive and participatory communication strategies are essential for improving the social inclusion and development outcomes of IDPs. Enhancing digital access and adopting two-way communication frameworks will strengthen humanitarian response and empower displaced populations in post-conflict settings.